Sunday, September 23, 2018

The Opium Poppy


“What matters most is what’s on the inside!”
What is an Opium Poppy?
The opium poppy gets its name from the chemical compounds called opioids, which are the chemicals that create a class of drugs. Poppies are small flowers with a milky sap and rounded seed capsules that contain alkaloids.

What is Morphine? And what does it do?
Morphine is a pain reliever that is used to treat moderate to severe chronic pain. Chronic pain is when an individual will continue to feel pain after the cause of the pain has been gone for several months. Morphine is such a powerful painkiller that people have been known to get addicted very quickly.

When and who discovered Morphine?
In 1803, Morphine was discovered by Frederich Serturner in Germany and was one of the first drugs to be isolated from a plant. He was an uneducated 21-year-old pharmacist’s assistant. He was very curious about the opium poppy so, in his spare time, he would conduct experiments to isolate the organic alkaloid compound. Once the compound was removed, the poppy flower had no effect on animals, but the compound itself made the animals sleepy. Through further experiments, he discovered pain relieving properties that existed within the compound. Therefore, the alkaloid compound within the opium poppy is responsible for the Morphine we have today. 

What was the big deal with Frederich Serturner’s discovery?
Due to Serturner’s discovery of isolating organic alkaloids from a certain plant, scientists were able to repeat his technique and create aconitine from monkshood, quinine from Peruvian bark, and many other drugs. 

The Opioid crisis:
Pharmaceutical companies assured those in the medical field that opioids would not be addictive to their patients, so doctors began prescribing these painkillers at much higher rates. At that time, no one was afraid to overuse these painkillers, which led to the realization that it was actually very addictive. Morphine and heroin both contribute to the high number of victims in the opioid crisis. Studies show that every day, more than 115 people in the U.S. die after overdosing on opioids. Therefore, always use caution when using any opioid drugs and reach out for help when necessary. 

**Fun Facts:
-       The name “Morphine” came from the Greek god “Morpheus,” the god of dreams. 
-       It takes more than 2.5 acres of poppies to produce about 20 lbs of raw opium.
-       Afghanistan is the world capital for opium.  

Sources:
https://www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/opioids/opioid-overdose-crisis

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